Lucayan National Park

The underwater cave system

Lucayan National Park's cave system comprises over 10 kilometres of charted underwater tunnels, making it one of the longest in the world. The caves formed as acidified rainwater seeped through the island's limestone base over countless millennia, creating a labyrinth of passages that extend from inland freshwater pools to the sea.

Two caves are accessible to visitors: Ben's Cave and Burial Mound Cave, connected by a short boardwalk trail. Ben's Cave holds 60 feet of water — a mix of fresh and saltwater — and is open to certified cave divers with permits. Burial Mound Cave is named for the Lucayan remains discovered here in 1986, since carbon-dated to confirm their pre-Columbian origin.

Lucayan history and archaeology

The Lucayan people were the indigenous inhabitants of the Bahamas when Columbus arrived in 1492. In 1986, archaeologists discovered six skeletal remains on the floor of Burial Mound Cave — evidence that the Lucayans used these caverns for ceremonial burials and as a freshwater source.

The remains were sent to the Smithsonian Institution for analysis before being respectfully returned. Today, interpretive signage along the park trails explains the archaeological significance and the tragic fate of the Lucayans, who were largely enslaved and displaced within decades of European contact.

Gold Rock Beach and ecosystems

A boardwalk trail winds through mangroves and pine forest before opening onto Gold Rock Beach — a pristine crescent of white sand often described as Grand Bahama's finest. At low tide, the shoreline extends nearly 70 metres, revealing tidal pools and sandbars perfect for wading and photography. USA Today named it the best beach in the Caribbean, and it regularly appears on regional best-of lists.

The park also protects healthy mangrove ecosystems, coral reef habitat offshore, and pine barrens home to the Bahama Woodstar hummingbird and rare orchid species. Picnic tables and barbecue pits near the beach allow for leisurely visits, though no other facilities exist.

Getting there

Lucayan National Park is located approximately 25 miles east of Freeport, about a 45-minute drive along the Grand Bahama Highway. Rental cars and taxis can reach the park entrance, where a modest admission fee supports conservation. Organised tours often combine the caves, a nature walk, and beach time at Gold Rock Beach. There is no public transport to the park.

Frequently asked questions

Can you swim in the caves at Lucayan National Park?

Swimming is not permitted in the caves for safety and conservation reasons. Certified cave divers may apply for permits through the Bahamas National Trust, but casual visitors explore the caves from elevated boardwalks and viewing platforms.

Is Gold Rock Beach inside Lucayan National Park?

Yes. Gold Rock Beach is part of Lucayan National Park, accessed via a short boardwalk trail from the parking area. Picnic facilities are available, but there are no concessions or water sports vendors.

What should I bring to Lucayan National Park?

Bring water, sunscreen, insect repellent, and a towel for the beach. Wear comfortable walking shoes for the boardwalk trails. Food and drinks are not sold in the park, so pack a picnic if you plan to spend several hours.